The first question is best answered by recalling the origin of Satan. Ezekiel 28:12-18 is a good starting place, where we are reminded that this is no mere human being we are talking about, but “the anointed cherub who covers” (v.14). The one who stood over God’s throne was found with unrighteousness, specifically with prideful rebellion against God (v.15). God cast this angel from Heaven to be destroyed (v.18; Isaiah 14:12-15). Also, we must not miss how this angel, once called Lucifer (whose name means “star of the morning”) became Satan (“accuser”) when God cast him out (Ezek. 28:12; Luke 10:18). Isaiah 14:15 shows us God’s response to Satan’s sin, and ultimate destruction (Revelation 20:10).
The second answer is not far from the first. When Satan fell, he “swept away a third of the stars of heaven” (Revelation 12:4). These are angels who aligned themselves with Satan (Revelation 12:9).
Because God is just in His punishment of sin and Satan nor any of his angels will not have redemption anyway (could one enjoy eternity with the one he rebels against?), Satan and his angels will never be saved. Together they hate God and all He is, hate Jesus and all He does and hate the redeemed as well.
[I must highlight Jonathan Edwards’ sermon “
True Grace Distinguished From The Experience of Devils,” a sermon on James 2:19. Here Edwards demonstrates [described partially in my own words below] there is no difference between one who depends on anything else but Christ for salvation and Satan or his angels (devils):
Introduction:
A. The devils have no degree of holiness;
B. The devils are not objects of saving grace;
C. A person is like the devil (as a rebel against God and Christ; acts in accordance with and not contrary to the devils; shares the same end as the devils).
Argument:
I. Damned men have no high principles or excellence, but are servant and sharers of the devil and his end;
II. Satan and his angels have more knowledge of true religion than men and are not saved (“being educated in the best divinity school in the universe”); “therefore, no degree of speculative knowledge of religion us any certain sign of true piety.” Knowledge does not save.
III. Satan and his angels know the doctrines that God saves and are not saved. Doctrine does not save.
IV. Satan and his angels expect God’s wrath and are not saved. Terror does not save.
V. Satan and his angels know they have broken God’s law and are not saved. Conviction does not save, nor does a guilty conscience. “When sinners are the subjects of great convictions of conscience, and a remarkable work of the law, it is only transacting the business of the day of judgment in the conscience before-hand.”
VI. Satan and his angels tremble at the suffering to come. Desiring to be saved does not save.
VII. Satan and his angels know the reality to come. Denial and “happy thoughts” do not save.
VIII. Satan and his angels:
a. Know the importance of the spiritual world;
b. Know of the awesome greatness and majesty of God;
c. Sense all the attributes of God, both natural and moral (His power, wisdom, holiness, justice, grace, mercy, truth. “Devils and damned men know that God is eternal and unchangeable. And therefore they despair of there ever being an end to their misery. Therefore it is manifest, that merely persons having an affecting sense of some, or even of all God’s attributes, is no certain sign that they have the true grace of God in their hearts.”]
